Crédito, Exceso de Toma de Riesgo, Costo del Crédito y Ciclo Económico en Chile.
Abstract
This paper studies the interaction between the business cycle and the credit market. A first
result is that the business cycle has procyclical effects on different types of credit (i.e.,
consumer, commercial and mortgage loans). The results area obtained through the
identification of structural shocks of VAR models that empirically replicate the standard
transmission mechanism of monetary policy that has been found in previous work on the
Chilean economy. However, our evidence points to new results. Periods of economic
expansion trigger in the medium term, first, an increase in non–performing loans, and then,
a decline in credit. We interpret this phenomenon as excessive risk-taking. Similarly,
periods of economic contraction and high interest rates are followed by a drop in non–
performing loans in the medium term and then by a credit expansion. Finally, unexpected
increases in non–performing loans can also produce contractionary effects, a rise in
inflation by increasing credit risk and financial costs for firms.